{"id":24909,"date":"2018-02-28T15:30:16","date_gmt":"2018-02-28T14:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.armeemuseum.ch\/la-protection-des-installations-de-retenue-pendant-la-deuxieme-guerre-mondiale\/"},"modified":"2018-02-28T15:38:03","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T14:38:03","slug":"la-protection-des-installations-de-retenue-pendant-la-deuxieme-guerre-mondiale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/la-protection-des-installations-de-retenue-pendant-la-deuxieme-guerre-mondiale\/","title":{"rendered":"La protection des installations de retenue pendant la Deuxi\u00e8me Guerre mondiale"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Quand les chemins de fer f\u00e9d\u00e9raux achetaient des canons de DCA et des munitions<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00a0Conf\u00e9rence du 29 novembre 2017<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Quand les chemins de fer f\u00e9d\u00e9raux achetaient des canons de DCA et des munitions<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>La conf\u00e9rence a mis en lumi\u00e8re un th\u00e8me tr\u00e8s particulier\u00a0: la protection des installations de retenue pendant la Deuxi\u00e8me Guerre mondiale. \u00c0 l\u2019issue de ses recherches, le conf\u00e9rencier Fred\u00a0Heer dresse un bilan \u00e0 la fois r\u00e9trospectif et critique.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en mai\u00a01943, apr\u00e8s le spectaculaire bombardement des barrages du bassin de la Ruhr par l\u2019aviation britannique que la Suisse a reconnu l\u2019importance de prot\u00e9ger les lacs de barrage. Le conf\u00e9rencier, le divisionnaire \u00e0 disposition Fred\u00a0Heer, de Steffisburg, a effectu\u00e9 des recherches d\u00e9taill\u00e9es sur cette op\u00e9ration contre les barrages allemands baptis\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0CHASTISE\u00a0\u00bb par les Britanniques ainsi que sur les mesures qui en ont d\u00e9coul\u00e9 en Suisse. Sans l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique des centrales, aucun train ne roulerait et l\u2019industrie serait \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00a0; parmi les mesures prises pour prot\u00e9ger ces infrastructures importantes, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u2019appliquer une peinture de camouflage sur les barrages des Alpes suisses, de mettre en place une organisation de l\u2019alerte, de tendre des c\u00e2bles m\u00e9talliques pour se prot\u00e9ger des attaques des avions et d\u2019acheter des canons et des mitrailleuses de DCA.<\/p>\n

La pression et les premi\u00e8res mesures sont essentiellement venues des CFF (qui poss\u00e9daient quatre lacs de barrage) et du service militaire des chemins de fer. Il ressort cependant des dossiers que les exploitants n\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9 que peu soutenus par l\u2019arm\u00e9e en raison du manque de mat\u00e9riel et de personnel. Ils ont par cons\u00e9quent d\u00fb prot\u00e9ger leurs installations eux-m\u00eames. Les chemins de fer f\u00e9d\u00e9raux ont par exemple d\u00fb acheter quelques canons de DCA de 20\u00a0mm et 10\u00a0000\u00a0munitions. Diff\u00e9rents \u00e9changes de courriers montrent clairement que la menace engendr\u00e9e par les masses d\u2019eau et la p\u00e9nurie d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9tait \u00e0 peine consid\u00e9r\u00e9e, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

La conclusion de Fred\u00a0Heer a fait l\u2019effet d\u2019une douche froide\u00a0: ce n\u2019est qu\u2019au cours des derniers mois du service actif que des mesures ont r\u00e9ellement \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en \u0153uvre\u00a0; en effet, l\u2019abaissement pr\u00e9ventif du niveau n\u2019avait \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9 sur aucun des 20\u00a0lacs de barrage de Suisse et aucun canon suppl\u00e9mentaire n\u2019avait \u00e9t\u00e9 achet\u00e9. Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019apr\u00e8s la guerre que la DCA des barrages a \u00e9t\u00e9 introduite dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

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Photos : \u00a9 Markus Hubacher, Spiez<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Quand les chemins de fer f\u00e9d\u00e9raux achetaient des canons de DCA et des munitions \u00a0Conf\u00e9rence du 29 novembre 2017Quand les chemins de fer f\u00e9d\u00e9raux achetaient des canons de DCA et des munitions \u00a0La conf\u00e9rence a mis en lumi\u00e8re un th\u00e8me tr\u00e8s particulier\u00a0: la protection des installations de retenue pendant la Deuxi\u00e8me Guerre mondiale. \u00c0 l\u2019issue […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[672],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-2017-fr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24909"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24920,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24909\/revisions\/24920"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armeemuseum.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}